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Published 22 July 2024 by Ulrike Böhm

Women in Research #LINO24: Stefanie Arnold

Stefanie at work. Photo/Credit: Uwe Bellhäuser

Stefanie from Germany is a postdoctoral researcher at the INM – Leibniz Institute for New Materials Saarbrücken, Germany.

In her research, Stefanie has specialized in developing advanced battery materials encompassing alloying, conversion, intercalation, composites, and hybrids, primarily focusing on lithium-ion and sodium-ion batteries. Her electrochemical investigations extend to applying these materials in desalination processes to generate potable water and mitigate significant environmental challenges. Additionally, she is at the forefront of establishing electrochemical ways to recycle spent lithium-ion batteries to enhance the sustainability of energy storage technologies.

Stefanie participated in the 73rd Lindau Nobel Laureate Meeting.

Enjoy the interview with Stefanie and get inspired:

What inspired you to pursue a career in science / in your discipline?

My fascination with science began during my school years. As a curious child, I conducted experiments and research projects, driven to create practical solutions that improve lives and make the world better. The thrill of solving complex problems and the excitement of discovery fueled my passion for innovation. I was drawn to my discipline by the dynamic nature of scientific inquiry and the opportunity to make meaningful contributions to technology and society. Witnessing the transformative impact of scientific advancements on everyday life motivated me to push the boundaries of knowledge and application in my field.

Who are your role models?

I do not have a single role model. Still, I greatly admire prominent women in science such as Marie Curie, whose pioneering work in radioactivity laid the groundwork for many scientific advancements, and Rosalind Franklin, whose essential contributions to understanding DNA structure went unrecognized for too long. I also look up to contemporary scientists like Jennifer Doudna, co-inventor of CRISPR, whose dedication and resilience have had a transformative impact on science and medicine. Additionally, my master’s supervisors and several women at my institute have been significant influences; their expertise and support have been invaluable. I find inspiration in those who have achieved scientific success despite coming from non-academic backgrounds or changing fields, proving that passion and determination can overcome any obstacle.

How did you get to where you are in your career path?

After completing my A-levels, I pursued a bachelor’s degree in chemistry at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), where I later specialized in organic chemistry. My bachelor’s thesis, titled “Europium(III)-complexes of DOTA-like cyclic peptoids for luminescence imaging,” was conducted under the supervision of Prof. Dr. Stefan Bräse in the Faculty of Chemistry and Bioscience. This research involved synthesizing and cyclizing various tetrameric DOTA-like peptoids, which were then complexed with Europium(III) and demonstrated cell permeability through fluorescence spectroscopy on HeLa cells.

During my master’s studies at KIT, I focused on physical chemistry and biochemistry. An unexpected opportunity in my third semester led me to explore a research area outside my main studies. At the Institute for Applied Materials – Energy Storage Systems, I encountered batteries for the first time, specifically investigating the effects of binder modifications on the electrochemical performance of sodium-ion batteries. My enthusiasm for the subject grew even stronger during my industrial internship, where I had the opportunity to work on application-oriented solutions.

This experience ignited my passion for electrochemistry, prompting me to pursue my master’s thesis in the same research group. Under the guidance of Prof. Dr. Helmut Ehrenberg, Prof. Dr. Sonia Dsoke, and Dr. Kristina Pfeifer, I conducted my master’s thesis on the “Influence of carbon allotropes as conductive additives on the electrochemical performance of antimony anodes for sodium-ion batteries.” This research involved close collaboration with the INM – Leibniz Institute for New Materials in Saarbrücken, where I also completed a short research stay and subsequent internship.

Impressed by the international team, scientific spirit, and excellent infrastructure at INM, I began my Ph.D. journey there in 2020 under the supervision of Prof. Dr. Volker Presser, in collaboration with Saarland University. My doctoral research focused on developing novel (hybrid) materials for the energy/water/recycling nexus, expanding my expertise from energy storage beyond lithium to water desalination and battery recycling. Pursuing my doctoral degree was quite a journey, and I was further challenged by the worldwide COVID-19 pandemic, which limited travel to international conferences and shifted many to online formats. However, these virtual and some on-site conferences provided valuable opportunities to connect with inspiring scientists from around the globe and exchange knowledge.

After graduating with my Ph.D. in mid-2023, I started my postdoctoral researcher position at the INM in Saarbrücken. My current project focuses on the data-based management of raw materials and the influence of processes on the structure and properties of electrode materials for lithium-ion batteries, involving collaboration between academic research centers and industry partners.

What is the coolest project you have worked on and why?

I have worked on several projects, each providing unique challenges and valuable learning experiences. I am particularly drawn to projects that involve solving complex problems with potential industrial applications. Among the many projects I’ve been involved in, my Ph.D. project is the most exciting and impactful. This project encompassed multiple interrelated sub-projects, allowing me to collaborate with national and international partners. We explored promising materials for alkaline-ion batteries, investigated water desalination technologies, and developed approaches for battery recycling. This comprehensive project offered an integrated view of the entire lifecycle of battery materials, from their initial use in energy storage to their eventual recycling, creating a cohesive and multifaceted narrative.

What’s a time you felt immense pride in yourself / your work?

In my daily life, I often take pride in the small things, such as witnessing young scientists I have mentored making significant progress and growing both in their personality and technical versatility/knowledge. Naturally, I am always proud when challenging projects are completed, a report is written, or a paper is submitted. Certainly, it also makes me very proud to receive some external recognition. Being proposed and selected for LINO24 is one of the most important points of pride in my life, in a way that tells me that all the efforts are worth it and serves as a reassurance that I am going in the right direction in my professional life.

What is a “day in the life” of you like?

Each day in my scientific career is unique, which is one reason I love it so much. My day typically begins early in the office, where I handle emails, complete essential paperwork, prepare lectures, and correct student assignments. I also make it a point to check the latest publications in my field to stay updated. The rest of my day is a mix of lab work, including synthesis, various characterization methods, battery cell assembly, and testing. My weekly schedule includes group seminars and status meetings with industrial collaborators or other academic institutions. In the afternoon and evening, I document, interpret, and analyze my collected data. Some days are spent entirely in the lab or the office. At the end of the day, I read exciting papers and plan experiments for the next day. Occasionally, I also review papers. I truly appreciate the freedom to decide each morning which project to focus on.

What are you seeking to accomplish in your career?

Stefanie giving a talk. Photo/Credit: Stefanie Arnold

In my career, I aim to contribute significantly to energy storage and sustainable technologies by developing innovative solutions that address global energy, water, and resource recycling challenges. I also like to be guided by what the future has in store for me, embracing opportunities and advancements. Committed to mentoring young researchers, particularly women, I strive to help dismantle the barriers that still exist in science. My career progress is thanks to pioneering women who paved the way for us, making me stand on the shoulders of female giants and heroines. I am dedicated to carrying their legacy forward by supporting the next generation and ensuring their voices are heard and valued in the scientific community.

What do you like to do when you’re not doing research?

You can often find me at orchestra rehearsals with various ensembles when I am not in the lab. I enjoy teaching children to learn different instruments when I am not playing myself. Additionally, I am actively involved in volunteer work, serving on the board of a music association in various roles. I also love spending time outdoors, whether hiking, cycling or simply walking in nature. Being in nature helps me clear my mind and find new inspiration. Baking and experimenting with new recipes provide a creative outlet and a way to unwind after a busy day. I have a passion for reading, which allows me to explore diverse perspectives, immerse myself in different worlds, and continuously expand my knowledge and understanding of the world beyond my research focus. Socializing with friends and family is also important to me, as it balances my professional life and keeps me connected to my support network.

What advice do you have for other women interested in science / in your discipline?

Follow your passion – even when faced with challenges and stress, every effort is worthwhile and will ultimately pay off. There is nothing to lose; every experience is an opportunity to grow richer in knowledge and stronger for the next challenge. Believe in yourself! If you love the work/discipline and that is what you wish to do, trust that you will succeed. Find your path! Take the leap – it is incredibly rewarding, and the scientific community needs your unique perspective. Connect with fellow female scientists and learn from their experiences, but always remember: you have the potential to make significant contributions to the scientific world, regardless of your background or origin.

In your opinion, what will be the next great breakthrough in science / in your discipline?

Predicting the next significant breakthrough in science or any discipline is like looking into a glass bowl, as it often arises from unexpected discoveries and innovations. However, in energy storage and sustainable technologies, several research areas hold promise for groundbreaking advancements. Researchers are exploring novel materials and designs to improve battery energy density, lifespan, safety, and sustainability. Breakthroughs in solid-state batteries or energy storage beyond lithium could revolutionize energy storage through performance parameters, safety, availability, and environmental friendliness.
Furthermore, advancements in battery recycling and circular economy approaches are crucial for addressing the environmental impacts of battery production and disposal. Developing efficient recycling methods and closed-loop systems could help minimize resource depletion and reduce waste in the battery supply chain. In summary, the next significant breakthrough in energy storage and sustainable technologies may involve innovations in battery technology, renewable energy integration, and circular economy approaches. These advancements have the potential to reshape our energy systems, mitigate climate change, and pave the way toward a more sustainable future.

What should be done to increase the number of female scientists and professors?

Progress is evident as many positive developments unfold, indicating movement in the right direction. While challenges persist, perseverance remains essential. Notably, within my current research group, the presence of more women than men fosters a particularly motivating environment. However, female representation significantly diminishes at higher academic levels, such as group leadership or university professorial roles. The central obstacle lies in balancing familial responsibilities with a scientific career, disproportionately affecting women. Establishing an inclusive environment with flexible policies regarding parental leave and part-time work is imperative to mitigate this disparity.
Moreover, women who have successfully navigated this journey are role models, and their accomplishments and continued contributions pave the way for future generations. Simultaneously, early exposure to technical fields, such as through events like Girls’ Day, can ignite young girls’ interest in science. By nurturing curiosity and providing support, we can empower young women to pursue careers in STEM fields and contribute to shaping a more diverse and inclusive scientific community.

Further Interviews

Ulrike Böhm

Ulrike Boehm is a physicist and science enthusiast. She works as an optical scientist at ZEISS in Oberkochen, Germany. Previously, she did her Ph.D. studies at the Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry in Göttingen in the Department of NanoBiophotonics of Nobel Laureate Stefan Hell, followed by research stays in the US at the National Institutes of Health and HHMI’s Janelia Research Campus, developing tools for biomedical research. She is generally passionate about designing and building (optical) instruments to image, probe, and manipulate (biological) structures. Furthermore, she is passionate about science communication and open science and is a huge advocate for women in science.